The UK is strengthening national resilience by overhauling its Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) infrastructure—vital for transport, energy, finance and digital services. With rising threats from GNSS jamming, spoofing and electronic warfare, the UK is shifting to a layered, secure PNT architecture to protect critical systems and ensure continuity across the modern digital economy.

The first fully autonomous AI-driven cyber-espionage campaign marks a turning point in national-level cyber operations. Anthropic’s investigation into the state-aligned GTG-1002 group reveals how AI executed up to 90% of the intrusion lifecycle—reconnaissance, exploitation, lateral movement, and data theft—at machine speed. DFIR teams now face a new era of AI-orchestrated, high-velocity attacks.

The UK’s cybersecurity and privacy laws have expanded rapidly in response to rising digital threats, yet questions remain about their real-world impact. This analysis evaluates the effectiveness, enforcement, and complexity of the UK’s legislative framework, drawing on insights from the WCIT Security Panel and national evidence to assess whether current laws genuinely strengthen resilience across sectors.

The Cyber Security and Resilience Bill modernises the UK’s NIS framework but remains heavily cyber-centric. This briefing argues that true national resilience depends on recognising data centres, utilities, ports and other CNI as cyber-physical systems. Protecting the digital built environment—power, cooling, OT, building services and engineering systems—is essential, with RSES offering a key competence pathway.

The Cyber Security and Resilience Bill modernises the UK’s NIS framework, expanding obligations across essential services, cloud platforms, MSPs and critical suppliers. This briefing explores the Bill’s scope, enforcement powers, industry pushback, and its implications for regulators, government, consumers, and the DFIR community—highlighting how the legislation could reshape national cyber-resilience for years ahead.